^       Biomarkers available since age 53. Biomarkers highlighted in bold are not present in other UK birth cohorts  ^^^^

^System             ^Biomarkers at 53 years                               ^Biomarkers at 60-64 years                               ^Biomarkers at 68-70 years                        ^
|**Metabolic**          |                     |Adiponectin (μg/mL)                                ||
| :::               |Cholesterol, Total (mmol/L)                    |Cholesterol, Total (mmol/L)                        |Cholesterol, Total (mmol/L)                        |
| :::               |Cholesterol, High density Lipoprotein, LDL (mmol/L) |Cholesterol, High density Lipoprotein, HDL (mmol/L)|Cholesterol, High density Lipoprotein, HDL (mmol/L)|
| :::               |Cholesterol, Low density Lipoprotein, LDL (mmol/L) |Cholesterol, Low density Lipoprotein, LDL (mmol/L) |Cholesterol, Low density Lipoprotein, LDL (mmol/L) |
| :::               |Triglycerides (mmol/L)                             |Triglycerides (mmol/L)                             |Triglycerides (mmol/L)   |                         
| :::               |                                                   |Glucose (nmol/L)                                   | 
| :::               |                                                   |Insulin (pmol/L)                                   |
| :::               |                                                   |Leptin (ng/mL)                                     |
| :::               |                                                   |Lipoprotein[a] (mg/dL)                             |
| :::               |                                                   |Proinsulin (pmol/L)                                |
| :::               |Glycated Haemoglobin, HbA1c (mmol/mol)             |Glycated Haemoglobin, HbA1c (mmol/mol)             |Glycated Haemoglobin, HbA1c (mmol/mol)            |
|**Diet & Iron Markers**|                                                   |Ferritin (ng/mL)                                   |
| :::               |                                                   |Haemoglobin, Hb (g/L)                              |Haemoglobin, Hb (g/L)                              |
| :::               |                                                   |** Iron (μg/dL) **                                 |
| :::               |                                                   |Vitamin C (μmol/L)                                 |
| :::               |                                                   |Vitamin D3 (250HD3) (ng/mL)†                       |
|**Inflammatory**       |                                                   |** Anti-Thyroperoxidase, TPO (IU/mL) **            |
| :::               |                                                   |Basophils (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                                 |Basophils (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                                 |
| :::               |                                                   |C-Reactive Protein, CRP (mg/L)                     |
| :::               |                                                   |Eosinophils (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                               |Eosinophils (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                                |
| :::               |                                                   |Fibrinogen (g/L)                                   |
| :::               |                                                   |** Homocysteine concentration (μmol/L) **          |
| :::               |                                                   |Interleukin-6, IL-6 (pg/mL)                        |
| :::               |                                                   |Tissue Plasminogen Activator, TPA (ng/mL)          |
| :::               |                                                   |Von Willebrand Factor, VWF (IU/dL)                 |
| :::               |                                                   |Red Cell Folate, RCF (nmol/L)                      |
| :::               |                                                   |Lymphocytes (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                               |Lymphocytes (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                               |
| :::               |                                                   |Mean Corpuscular Volume, MCV                       |
| :::               |                                                   |Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin, MCH                  |
| :::               |                                                   |** Mean Platelet Volume, MPV **                    |
| :::               |                                                   |Monocytes (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                                 |Monocytes (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                                 |
| :::               |                                                   |Neutrophils (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                               |Neutrophils (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                               |
| :::               |                                                   |Platelet count (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                            |Platelet count (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                            |
| :::               |                                                   |** Platelet Distribution Width, PDW (%) **         |
| :::               |                                                   |** Potassium (mmol/L) **                           |
| :::               |                                                   |Protein (blood), Total (g/L)                       |
| :::               |                                                   |Red Blood Cell, RBC, count (x10<sup>12</sup>/L)                   |Red Blood Cell, RBC, count (x10<sup>12</sup>/L)                   |
| :::               |                                                   |White Blood Cell, WBC, count (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                 |White Blood Cell, WBC, count (x10<sup>9</sup>/L)                 |
|**Neuro-Endocrine**    |                                     |Cortisol (saliva) (nmol/L)                         |
| :::               |DHEAS (umol/L)            |DHEAS (umol/L)                                     |
| :::               |Insulin Growth Factor 1, IGF-1 (nmol/L)            |Insulin Growth Factor 1, IGF-1 (nmol/L)        |
| :::               |                              |Insulin Growth Factor 2, IGF-2 (nmol/L)            |
| :::               |                                                   |Insulin Growth Factor IGF-BP3 (ng/mL)              |
| :::               |Sex hormone binding globulin, SHBG (nmol/L)                                                   |Sex hormone binding globulin, SHBG (nmol/L)        |
| :::               |Testosterone (nmol/L)                              |Testosterone (nmol/L)                              |
| :::               |                                                   |Thyroid tests (T3, T4) (pmol/L)                    |
| :::               |                                                   |** Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, TSH (mU/L) **      |
|**Kidney & Liver**     |                                                   |Calcium (mmol/L)                                   |
| :::               |                                                   |Creatinine (blood, urine) (mmol/L)                 |
| :::               |                                                   |Phosphate (mmol/L)                                 |
| :::               |                                                   |Urea (nmol/L)                                      |
| :::               |                                                   |Alanine Transaminase , ALT (IU/L)                  |
| :::               |                                                   |Alkaline Phosphatase, ALP (IU/L)                   |
| :::               |                                                   |Aspartate Transaminase, AST (IU/L)                 |
| :::               |                                                   |Albumin (blood, urine) (mg/L)                      |
| :::               |                                                   |Bilirubin (mg/dL)                                  |
| :::               |                                                   |** Cystatin C (mg/L) **                            |
| :::               |                                                   |Gamma Glutamyl Transferase, GGT (IU/L)             |
| :::               |                                                   |** Glucose (urine) (dipstick) (mmol/L) **          |
| :::               |                                                   |Globulin (mg/dL)                                   |
| :::               |                                                   |** Ketones (urine) (dipstick) (positive/negative) **    |
| :::               |                                                   |** Liver Iron Concentration, LIC (%) **            |
| :::               |                                                   |Potassium (serum) (mmol/L)                         |
| :::               |                                                   |** Potassium (urine) (mmol/L) **                   |
| :::               |                                                   |** Protein (urine) (positive/negative) **          |
| :::               |                                                   |Sodium (urine) (mmol/L)                            |
| :::               |                                                   |** Sodium (blood) (mmol/L) **                      |
| :::               |                                                   |Urate (g/L)                                        |